Which vessel has the right of way when a power-driven vessel encounters a sailing vessel?

When a power-driven vessel encounters a sailing vessel, the sailing vessel has the right of way. This regulation is outlined in the COLREGs (International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea), specifically in Rule 10 and Rule 12. These rules dictate that when both types of vessels are on intersecting courses, the power-driven vessel must give way to the sailing vessel under sail.

The underlying principle is that sailing vessels, particularly those making way under sail alone, are generally considered less maneuverable compared to power-driven vessels, which have the ability to change speed and direction more readily. Furthermore, the sailing vessel's reliance on wind makes its navigation more predictable and reliant on environmental factors.

In this scenario, factors like the speed of the vessels or the degree of maneuverability do not apply to the right of way in this specific encounter and do not alter the foundational rule that grants priority to sailing vessels over power-driven vessels. This prioritization aims to enhance safety on the water by establishing clear rules for navigation.